Python operators are special symbols and keywords used to perform a variety of operations on values and variables. These operators are essential components of the Python programming language, enabling you to carry out arithmetic calculations, compare values in terms of equality or inequality, assign distinct data to variables, combine complex conditions in logical statements, and thoroughly check relationships between different objects.

Mastering the use of operators is fundamental for developing efficient algorithms and writing clean, effective code in your programming projects.

Operators in Python

The addition operator adds numeric values together, allowing for the combination of different quantities. This mathematical operation is fundamental in various calculations and is widely used in programming and data manipulation to generate new results from existing numbers.

Input

a = 15

b = 10

print(a + b)

Output

Example

first_name = "Amit"

last_name = "Sharma"

full_name = first_name + " " + last_name

print(full_name)

25

1. Addition Operator (+)

The + operator can also concatenate, or join, strings together, allowing you to create longer, more complex messages by combining multiple pieces of information into a single output. This feature is particularly useful when you want to display dynamic content or craft cohesive sentences from different data points.

Output

Amit Sharma

The subtraction operator removes one numeric value from another, effectively determining the difference between the two. This fundamental operation is crucial in various mathematical calculations, allowing us to solve for unknowns and analyze numerical data in diverse fields such as finance, engineering, and science.

Input

Explanation

total_marks = 100

obtained_marks = 85

remaining_marks = total_marks - obtained_marks

print(remaining_marks)

Output

The result shows how many marks are left after subtracting the obtained marks from the total marks.

15

2. Subtraction Operator (-)

The multiplication operator is used to multiply numbers, which means that when you have a number, you can increase it by repeated addition of another number, allowing for a variety of mathematical calculations and applications in different fields such as science, engineering, and finance.

Input

Explanation

price = 250

quantity = 4

total = price * quantity

print(total)

Output

This type of calculation is commonly used in various programs and applications that calculate product prices, quantities, measurements, and totals.

These calculations are essential for accurately determining the costs associated with purchasing items, managing inventories, and conducting various types of statistical analyses. By employing such calculators, individuals and businesses can ensure that they optimize their financial transactions and maintain precise records of their inventory and sales.

1000

3. Multiplication Operator (*)

The division operator divides one value by another. In Python, / normally produces a floating-point result. This means that when you divide two integers, the result will still represent a decimal value if necessary, providing greater accuracy in mathematical operations. This flexibility allows for more precise calculations in programming and enables developers to handle a variety of mathematical scenarios effectively.

Input

Explanation

total = 100

students = 4

average = total / students

print(average)

Output

Even though the result is mathematically 25, Python displays it as 25.0 because the / operator returns a floating-point value.

25.0

4. Division Operator (/)

Input

Explanation

number = 17

remainder = number % 5

print(remainder)

Output

When 17 is divided by 5, the remainder is 2.

2

5. Modulus Operator (%)

The floor division operator divides two numbers and returns the floor of the result.

Input

Explanation

Output

This is useful when you need the number of complete groups or units that can be formed from a division.

3

6. Floor Division Operator (//)

total_items = 17

boxes = 5

full_boxes = total_items // boxes

print(full_boxes)

Explanation

Output

The expression 2 ** 4 means:

2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 16

16

7. Exponentiation Operator (**)

Input

base = 2

power = 4

result = base ** power

print(result)

8. Assignment Operators

Input

Explanation

60

The statement:

score += 10

is a shorter form of:

score = score + 10

These operators are especially useful when a variable needs to be updated repeatedly.

Output

score = 50

score += 10

print(score)

Exaplanation

Output

marks = 75

print(marks >= 40)

True

Input

Exaplanation

False

Comparison operators are frequently used with if statements to make decisions in Python programs.

age = 16

print(age >= 18)

Input

Comparison operators are essential tools in programming and mathematics, used to compare two values effectively. When you apply these operators, the result of the comparison yields a Boolean value, which can be either True or False. Understanding how these operators work is crucial for controlling the flow of logic within your code. This knowledge enables developers to evaluate conditions and make decisions based on the results of these comparisons, leading to dynamic and responsive applications.

Because 75 is greater than 40, the comparison evaluates to True.

Logical operators are used to combine or modify conditions.

Python provides three logical operators:

age = 25

has_id = True

print(age >= 18 and has_id)

2. or Operator

Input

day = "Sunday"

print(day == "Saturday" or day == "Sunday")

Output

Explanation

True

Only one of the conditions needs to be true for this expression to produce True.

3.not Operator

Input

Explanation

Output

is_closed = False

print(not is_closed)

True

The not operator reverses the Boolean value.

Identity operators determine whether two references point to the same object in memory.

Explanation

Output

Important: is checks object identity, while == checks whether two values are equal. They should not be treated as interchangeable.

True

11. Identity Operators

Input

value = None

print(value is None)

Python provides two identity operators:

• is

• is not

The is operator is commonly used when checking whether a value is None.

Exaplanation

Output

fruits = ["Apple", "Mango", "Banana"] print("Mango" in fruits)

True

Input

Exaplanation

True

The expression returns True because "Orange" does not exist in the list.

fruits = ["Apple", "Mango", "Banana"] print("Orange" not in fruits)

Input

Membership operators check whether a value exists within a collection or sequence such as a string, list, tuple, or set.

Since "Mango" is present in the list, the expression returns True.

Python provides:

• in

• not in

Using in

Using not in

Bitwise operators perform operations on the binary representation of integers. They are useful in areas such as low-level programming, flags, embedded systems, and certain data-processing tasks.

Exaplanation

Output

result = 10 + 5 * 2

print(result)

20

Input

Exaplanation

30

Here, Python calculates 10 + 5 first and then multiplies the result by 2.

result = (10 + 5) * 2

print(result)

Input

When multiple operators appear in the same expression, Python follows a defined order of precedence to determine which operation is performed first.

Parentheses can be used when you want to control the order of evaluation.

Using Parentheses

Multiplication has higher precedence than addition, so Python evaluates the expression as:

5 * 2 = 10

10 + 10 = 20

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